Prayer Time calculation Explained


Qibla Plus uses the praytimes module from praytimes.org by Hamid Zarrabi-Zadeh, jazakallahu khayran. (We added an extra calculation method for Jakim Malaysia).

Adjusting place and time

Choose a new place by either:
1 Selecting a place from your favorites (can give offline prayertimes)
2 Selecting your device location (arrow button)
3 Search online for place name, address or postal code (viser button)
4 Double tap anywhere on the map.

The time can be adjusted by using the slider (up to 3months ahead for Ipad, 1 month for Iphone).

Adjusting calculation methods

Tap the settings button (gear wheels) and choose "Set calculation methods" from the menu.

Calculation methods

Convention Fajr Angle Isha Angle
Muslim World League 18 17
Islamic Society of North America (ISNA) 15 15
Egyptian General Authority of Survey 19.5 17.5
Umm al-Qura University, Makkah 18.5 90 min after Maghrib
120 min during Ramadan
University of Islamic Sciences, Karachi 18 18
Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran 17.7 14*
Shia Ithna Ashari, Leva Research Institute, Qum 16 14
Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia 20 18
* Isha angle is not explicitly defined in Tehran method.

Asr

There are two main opinions on how to calculate Asr time. The majority of schools (including Shafi'i, Maliki, Ja'fari, and Hanbali) say it is at the time when the length of any object's shadow equals the length of the object itself plus the length of that object's shadow at noon. The dominant opinion in the Hanafi school says that Asr begins when the length of any object's shadow is twice the length of the object plus the length of that object's shadow at noon.

Maghrib

In the Sunni's point of view, the time for Maghrib prayer begins once the Sun has completely set beneath the horizon, that is, Maghrib = Sunset (some calculators suggest 1 to 3 minutes after Sunset for precaution). In the Shia's view, however, the dominant opinion is that as long as the redness in the eastern sky appearing after sunset has not passed overhead, Maghrib prayer should not be performed. It is usually taken into consideration by assuming a twilight angle like Maghrib = Dhuhr + T(4).

Midnight

Midnight is generally calculated as the mean time from Sunset to Sunrise, i.e., Midnight = 1/2(Sunrise - Sunset). In Shia point of view, the juridical midnight (the ending time for performing Isha prayer) is the mean time from Sunset to Fajr, i.e., Midnight = 1/2(Fajr - Sunset).

Higher Latitudes

In locations at higher latitude, twilight may persist throughout the night during some months of the year. In these abnormal periods, the determination of Fajr and Isha is not possible using the usual formulas mentioned in the previous section. To overcome this problem, several solutions have been proposed, three of which are described below.

Middle of the Night
In this method, the period from sunset to sunrise is divided into two halves. The first half is considered to be the "night" and the other half as "day break". Fajr and Isha in this method are assumed to be at mid-night during the abnormal periods.

One-Seventh of the Night
In this method, the period between sunset and sunrise is divided into seven parts. Isha begins after the first one-seventh part, and Fajr is at the beginning of the seventh part.

Angle-Based Method
This is an intermediate solution, used by some recent prayer time calculators. Let ? be the twilight angle for Isha, and let t = ?/60. The period between sunset and sunrise is divided into t parts. Isha begins after the first part. For example, if the twilight angle for Isha is 15, then Isha begins at the end of the first quarter (15/60) of the night. Time for Fajr is calculated similarly.


In case Maghrib is not equal to Sunset, we can apply the above rules to Maghrib as well to make sure that Maghrib always falls between Sunset and Isha during the abnormal periods.